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Composietenfamilie: verschil tussen versies
Geen bewerkingssamenvatting |
Geen bewerkingssamenvatting |
||
Regel 1: | Regel 1: | ||
{{Taxobox|type=plant | |||
|naam= Composietenfamilie | |||
|afbeelding= Flower Rex 4.jpg | |||
|afbeeldingtekst= [[Paardenbloem]] | |||
|rijk= [[Planten|''Plantae'']] (Planten) | |||
|stam= ''[[Embryophyta]]'' (Landplanten) | |||
|klasse= ''[[Spermatopsida]]'' (Zaadplanten) | |||
|clade1= [[Bedektzadigen]] | |||
|clade2= [['nieuwe' Tweezaadlobbigen]] | |||
|clade4= [[Campanuliden]] | |||
|orde= ''[[Asterales]]'' | |||
|taxon=[[familie (biologie)|familie]] | |||
|w-naam= ''Asteraceae'' | |||
|auteur= Martinov | |||
|datum= 1820 | |||
|rang=Onderfamilies | |||
|onderverdeling= | |||
*''[[Barnadesioideae]]'' | |||
*''[[Cichorioideae]]'' | |||
*''[[Asteroideae]]'' | |||
}} | |||
De '''composietenfamilie''' (''Compositae'' of ''Asteraceae'': beide [[botanische namen]] zijn toegestaan), ook '''samengesteldbloemigen''' genoemd, is samen met de [[orchideeënfamilie]] de omvangrijkste plantenfamilie. Zij telt over de hele wereld gezien naar schatting wel 20.000 tot 25.000 soorten. In de [[tropen]] telt de familie ook [[boom (plant)|bomen]] en [[Liaan|lianen]]. | De '''composietenfamilie''' (''Compositae'' of ''Asteraceae'': beide [[botanische namen]] zijn toegestaan), ook '''samengesteldbloemigen''' genoemd, is samen met de [[orchideeënfamilie]] de omvangrijkste plantenfamilie. Zij telt over de hele wereld gezien naar schatting wel 20.000 tot 25.000 soorten. In de [[tropen]] telt de familie ook [[boom (plant)|bomen]] en [[Liaan|lianen]]. | ||
Regel 229: | Regel 250: | ||
<div style="font-size: 85%;">'[['Aaronsohnia]], [[Abrotanella]], [[Acamptopappus]], [[Acanthocephalus]], [[Acanthocladium]], [[Acanthodesmos]], [[Acantholepis]], [[Acanthospermum]], [[Acanthostyles]], [[Achaetogeron]], [[Achillea]], [[Achnophora]], [[Achnopogon]], [[Achyrachaena]], [[Achyrocline]], [[Achyropappus]], [[Achyrothalamus]], [[Acmella]], [[Acomis]], [[Acourtia]], [[Acrisione]], [[Acritopappus]], [[Acroclinium]], [[Acroptilon]], [[Actinobole]], [[Actinoseris]], [[Actinospermum]], [[Adelostigma]], [[Adenanthellum]], [[Adenocaulon]], [[Adenocritonia]], [[Adenoglossa]], [[Adenoon]], [[Adenopappus]], [[Adenophyllum]], [[Adenostemma]], [[Adenothamnus]], [[Aedesia]], [[Aegopordon]], [[Aequatorium]], [[Aetheorhiza]], [[Ageratella]], [[Ageratina]], [[Ageratinastrum]], [[Ageratum]], [[Agiabampoa]], [[Agoseris]], [[Agrianthus]], [[Ainsliaea]], [[Ajania]], [[Ajaniopsis]], [[Alatoseta]], [[Albertinia]], [[Alcantara (plant)|Alcantara]], [[Alciope]], [[Aldama]], [[Alepidocline]], [[Alfredia]], [[Aliella]], [[Allagopappus]], [[Allardia]], [[Alloispermum]], [[Allopterigeron]], [[Alomia]], [[Alomiella]], [[Alvordia]], [[Amauria]], [[Amberboa]], [[Amblyocarpum]], [[Amblyolepis]], [[Amblyopappus]], [[Amboroa]], [[Ambrosia]], [[Ameghinoa]], [[Amellus]], [[Ammobium]], [[Amolinia]], [[Amphiachyris]], [[Amphiglossa]], [[Amphipappus]], [[Amphoricarpos]], [[Anacantha]], [[Anacyclus]], [[Anaphalioides]], [[Anaphalis]], [[Anastraphia]], [[Anaxeton]], [[Ancathia]], [[Ancistrophora]], [[Andryala]], [[Angelphytum]], [[Angianthus]], [[Anisochaeta]], [[Anisocoma]], [[Anisopappus]], [[Anisothrix]], [[Anomostephium]], [[Antennaria]], [[Anthemis]], [[Antheropeas]], [[Antillia]], [[Antiphiona]], [[Antithrixia]], [[Anura]], [[Anvillea]], [[Apalochlamys]], [[Apargidium]], [[Aphanactis]], [[Aphanostephus]], [[Aphyllocladus]], [[Apodocephala]], [[Aposeris]], [[Apostates]], [[Arbelaezaster]], [[Archibaccharis]], [[Arctanthemum]], [[Arctium]], [[Arctogeron]], [[Arctotheca]], [[Arctotis]], [[Argyranthemum]], [[Argyroglottis]], [[Argyrophanes]], [[Argyroxiphium]], [[Aristeguietia]], [[Arnaldoa]], [[Arnica]], [[Arnicastrum]], [[Arnoglossum]], [[Arnoseris]], [[Arrhenechthites]], [[Arrojadocharis]], [[Arrowsmithia]], [[Alsem|Artemisia]], [[Artemisiopsis]], [[Asanthus]], [[Ascidiogyne]], [[Aspilia]], [[Asplundianthus]], [[Aster]], [[Asteridea]], [[Asteriscus]], [[Asteromoea]], [[Astranthium]], [[Athanasia]], [[Athrixia]], [[Athroisma]], [[Atractylis]], [[Atractylodes]], [[Atrichantha]], [[Atrichoseris]], [[Austrobrickellia]], [[Austrocritonia]], [[Austroeupatorium]], [[Austroliabum]], [[Austrosynotis]], [[Avellara]], [[Axiniphyllum]], [[Ayapana]], [[Ayapanopsis]], [[Aylacophora]], [[Baccharis]], [[Badilloa]], [[Baeriopsis]], [[Bafutia]], [[Bahia]], [[Bahianthus]], [[Baileya]], [[Balduina]], [[Balsamorhiza]], [[Baltimora]], [[Barkleyanthus]], [[Barnadesia]], [[Barroetea]], [[Barrosoa]], [[Bartlettia]], [[Bartlettina]], [[Basedowia]], [[Bebbia]], [[Bedfordia]], [[Bejaranoa]], [[Bellida]], [[Bellis]], [[Bellium]], [[Belloa]], [[Benitoa]], [[Berardia]], [[Berkheya]], [[Berlandiera]], [[Berroa]], [[Bidens]], [[Bigelowia]], [[Bishopalea]], [[Bishopanthus]], [[Bishopiella]], [[Bishovia]], [[Blainvillea]], [[Blakeanthus]], [[Blakiella]], [[Blanchetia]], [[Blennosperma]], [[Blennospora]], [[Blepharipappus]], [[Blepharispermum]], [[Blepharizonia]], [[Blumea]], [[Blumeopsis]], [[Boeberastrum]], [[Boeberoides]], [[Bolanosa]], [[Bolophyta]], [[Boltonia]], [[Bombycilaena]], [[Borrichia]], [[Bothriocline]], [[Brachanthemum]], [[Brachionostylum]], [[Brachyclados]], [[Brachyglottis]], [[Brachylaena]], [[Brachyscome]], [[Brachythrix]], [[Bracteantha]], [[Bradburia]], [[Brickellia]], [[Brickelliastrum]], [[Bryomorphe]], [[Buphthalmum]], [[Burkartia]], [[Cabreriella]], [[Cacalia]], [[Cacaliopsis]], [[Cacosmia]], [[Cadiscus]], [[Caesulia]], [[Calea]], [[Calendula]], [[Callicephalus]], [[Callilepis]], [[Callistephus]], [[Calocephalus]], [[Calomeria]], [[Calopappus]], [[Calostephane]], [[Calotesta]], [[Calotis]], [[Calycadenia]], [[Calycocorsus]], [[Calycoseris]], [[Calyptocarpus]], [[Camchaya]], [[Campovassouria]], [[Camptacra]], [[Campuloclinium]], [[Cancrinia]], [[Cancriniella]], [[Cardopatium]], [[Carduncellus]], [[Carduus]], [[Carlina]], [[Carminatia]], [[Carpesium]], [[Carphephorus]], [[Carphochaete]], [[Carramboa]], [[Carterothamnus]], [[Carthamus]], [[Cassinia]], [[Castalis]], [[Castenedia]], [[Catamixis]], [[Catananche]], [[Catatia]], [[Cavalcantia]], [[Cavea]], [[Celmisia]], [[Centaurea]], [[Centaurodendron]], [[Centauropsis]], [[Centaurothamnus]], [[Centipeda]], [[Centratherum]], [[Cephalipterum]], [[Cephalopappus]], [[Cephalorrhynchus]], [[Cephalosorus]], [[Ceratogyne]], [[Ceruana]], [[Chacoa]], [[Chaenactis]], [[Chaetadelpha]], [[Chaetanthera]], [[Chaetopappa]], [[Chaetospira]], [[Chaetymenia]], [[Chamaechaenactis]], [[Chamaegeron]], [[Chamaeleon]], [[Chamaemelum]], [[Chamaepus]], [[Chaptalia]], [[Chardinia]], [[Cheirolophus]], [[Chersodoma]], [[Chevreulia]], [[Chiliadenus]], [[Chiliocephalum]], [[Chiliophyllum]], [[Chiliotrichiopsis]], [[Chiliotrichum]], [[Chimantaea]], [[Chionolaena]], [[Chionopappus]], [[Chlamydophora]], [[Chloracantha]], [[Chondrilla]], [[Chondropyxis]], [[Chorisis]], [[Chresta]], [[Chromolaena]], [[Chromolepis]], [[Chronopappus]], [[Chrysactinia]], [[Chrysactinium]], [[Chrysanthellum]], [[Chrysanthemoides]], [[Chrysanthemum]], [[Chrysocephalum]], [[Chrysocoma]], [[Chrysogonum]], [[Chrysophthalmum]], [[Chrysopsis]], [[Chrysothamnus]], [[Chthonocephalus]], [[Chucoa]], [[Chuquiraga]], [[Cicerbita]], [[Ciceronia]], [[Cichorium]], [[Cineraria]], [[Cirsium]], [[Cissampelopsis]], [[Cladanthus]], [[Cladochaeta]], [[Clappia]], [[Clibadium]], [[Cnicothamnus]], [[Cnicus]], [[Coespeletia]], [[Coleocoma]], [[Coleostephus]], [[Colobanthera]], [[Comaclinium]], [[Commidendrum]], [[Complaya]], [[Condylidium]], [[Condylopodium]], [[Conocliniopsis]], [[Conoclinium]], [[Conyza]], [[Coreocarpus]], [[Coreopsis]], [[Corethamnium]], [[Corethrogyne]], [[Correllia]], [[Corymbium]], [[Cosmos]], [[Cotula]], [[Coulterella]], [[Cousinia]], [[Cousiniopsis]], [[Craspedia]], [[Crassocephalum]], [[Cratystylis]], [[Cremanthodium]], [[Crepidiastrum]], [[Crepis]], [[Critonia]], [[Critoniadelphus]], [[Critoniella]], [[Critoniopsis]], [[Crocidium]], [[Cronquistia]], [[Cronquistianthus]], [[Croptilon]], [[Crossostephium]], [[Crossothamnus]], [[Crupina]], [[Cuatrecasasiella]], [[Cuchumatanea]], [[Cullumia]], [[Cuspidia]], [[Cyathocline]], [[Cyathomone]], [[Cyclachaena]], [[Cyclolepis]], [[Cylindrocline]], [[Cymbolaena]], [[Cymbonotus]], [[Cymbopappus]], [[Cymophora]], [[Cynara]], [[Dacryotrichia]], [[Dahlia]], [[Damnxanthodium]], [[Darwiniothamnus]], [[Dasycondylus]], [[Dasyphyllum]], [[Daveaua]], [[Decachaeta]], [[Decastylocarpus]], [[Decazesia]], [[Delairea]], [[Delamerea]], [[Delilia]], [[Dendranthema]], [[Dendrocacalia]], [[Dendrosenecio]], [[Dendroseris]], [[Denekia]], [[Desmanthodium]], [[Dewildemania]], [[Diacranthera]], [[Dianthoseris]], [[Diaperia]], [[Diaphractanthus]], [[Dicercoclados]], [[Dichaetophora]], [[Dichrocephala]], [[Dichromochlamys]], [[Dicoma]], [[Dicoria]], [[Dicranocarpus]], [[Didelta]], [[Dielitzia]], [[Digitacalia]], [[Dimeresia]], [[Dimerostemma]], [[Dimorphocoma]], [[Dimorphotheca]], [[Dinoseris]], [[Diodontium]], [[Diplazoptilon]], [[Diplostephium]], [[Dipterocome]], [[Dipterocypsela]], [[Disparago]], [[Dissothrix]], [[Distephanus]], [[Disynaphia]], [[Dithyrostegia]], [[Dittrichia]], [[Dolichlasium]], [[Dolichoglottis]], [[Dolichorrhiza]], [[Dolichothrix]], [[Dolomiaea]], [[Doniophyton]], [[Doronicum]], [[Dresslerothamnus]], [[Dubautia]], [[Dubyaea]], [[Dugaldia]], [[Dugesia]], [[Duhaldea]], [[Duidaea]], [[Duseniella]], [[Dymondia]], [[Dyscritogyne]], [[Dyscritothamnus]], [[Dysodiopsis]], [[Dyssodia]], [[Eastwoodia]], [[Eatonella]], [[Echinacea]], [[Echinops]], [[Eclipta]], [[Edmondia]], [[Egletes]], [[Eitenia]], [[Ekmania]], [[Elachanthus]], [[Elaphandra]], [[Elephantopus]], [[Eleutheranthera]], [[Ellenbergia]], [[Elytropappus]], [[Emilia]], [[Emiliella]], [[Encelia]], [[Enceliopsis]], [[Endocellion]], [[Endopappus]], [[Engelmannia]], [[Engleria]], [[Enydra]], [[Epaltes]], [[Epilasia]], [[Episcothamnus]], [[Epitriche]], [[Erato (plant)|Erato]], [[Erechtites]], [[Eremanthus]], [[Eremosis]], [[Eremothamnus]], [[Eriachaenium]], [[Ericameria]], [[Ericentrodea]], [[Erigeron]], [[Eriocephalus]], [[Eriochlamys]], [[Eriophyllum]], [[Eriotrix]], [[Erlangea]], [[Erodiophyllum]], [[Erymophyllum]], [[Eryngiophyllum]], [[Erythradenia]], [[Erythrocephalum]], [[Espejoa]], [[Espeletia]], [[Espeletiopsis]], [[Ethulia]], [[Euchiton]], [[Eumorphia]], [[Eupatoriastrum]], [[Eupatorina]], [[Eupatoriopsis]], [[Eupatorium]], [[Euphrosyne]], [[Eurydochus]], [[Euryops]], [[Eutetras]], [[Euthamia]], [[Evacidium]], [[Ewartia]], [[Ewartiothamnus]], [[Exomiocarpon]], [[Faberia]], [[Facelis]], [[Farfugium]], [[Faujasia]], [[Faxonia]], [[Feddea]], [[Feldstonia]], [[Felicia]], [[Fenixia]], [[Ferreyranthus]], [[Ferreyrella]], [[Filago]], [[Filifolium]], [[Fitchia]], [[Fitzwillia]], [[Flaveria]], [[Fleischmannia]], [[Fleischmanniopsis]], [[Florestina]], [[Floscaldasia]], [[Flosmutisia]], [[Flourensia]], [[Flyriella]], [[Formania]], [[Foveolina]], [[Freya]], [[Fulcaldea]], [[Gaillardia]], [[Galactites]], [[Galeana]], [[Galeomma]], [[Galinsoga]], [[Gamochaeta]], [[Gamochaetopsis]], [[Garberia]], [[Garcibarrigoa]], [[Garcilassa]], [[Gardnerina]], [[Garuleum]], [[Gazania]], [[Gazaniopsis]], [[Geigeria]], [[Geissolepis]], [[Geissopappus]], [[Geraea]], [[Gerbera]], [[Geropogon]], [[Gibbaria]], [[Gilberta]], [[Gilruthia]], [[Gladiopappus]], [[Glossarion]], [[Glossocardia]], [[Glossopappus]], [[Glyptopleura]], [[Gnaphaliothamnus]], [[Gnaphalium]], [[Gnephosis]], [[Gochnatia]], [[Goldmanella]], [[Gongrostylus]], [[Gongylolepis]], [[Goniocaulon]], [[Gonospermum]], [[Gorceixia]], [[Gorteria]], [[Gossweilera]], [[Goyazianthus]], [[Grangea]], [[Grangeopsis]], [[Graphistylis]], [[Gratwickia]], [[Grauanthus]], [[Grazielia]], [[Greenmaniella]], [[Grindelia]], [[Grisebachianthus]], [[Grosvenoria]], [[Guardiola]], [[Guayania]], [[Guevaria]], [[Guizotia]], [[Gundelia]], [[Gundlachia]], [[Gutenbergia]], [[Gutierrezia]], [[Gymnarrhena]], [[Gymnocondylus]], [[Gymnocoronis]], [[Gymnodiscus]], [[Gymnolaena]], [[Gymnopentzia]], [[Gymnosperma]], [[Gymnostephium]], [[Gynoxys]], [[Gynura]], [[Gypothamnium]], [[Gyptidium]], [[Gyptis]], [[Gyrodoma]], [[Haastia]], [[Haeckeria]], [[Haegiela]], [[Handelia]], [[Haplocalymma]], [[Haplocarpha]], [[Haploesthes]], [[Haplopappus]], [[Haplostephium]], [[Harleya]], [[Harnackia]], [[Hartwrightia]], [[Hasteola]], [[Hatschbachiella]], [[Hazardia]], [[Hebeclinium]], [[Hecastocleis]], [[Hedypnois]], [[Helenium]], [[Helianthella]], [[Helianthopsis]], [[Helianthus]], [[Helichrysopsis]], [[Helichrysum]], [[Heliocauta]], [[Heliomeris]], [[Heliopsis]], [[Helogyne]], [[Hemisteptia]], [[Hemizonia]], [[Henricksonia]], [[Heptanthus]], [[Herderia]], [[Herodotia]], [[Hesperomannia]], [[Heteracia]], [[Heteranthemis]], [[Heterocoma]], [[Heterocondylus]], [[Heterocypsela]], [[Heteroderis]], [[Heterolepis]], [[Heteromera]], [[Heteromma]], [[Heteropappus]], [[Heteroplexis]], [[Heterorhachis]], [[Heterosperma]], [[Heterothalamus]], [[Heterotheca]], [[Hidalgoa]], [[Hieracium]], [[Hilliardia]], [[Hinterhubera]], [[Hippia]], [[Hippolytia]], [[Hirpicium]], [[Hispidella]], [[Hoehnephytum]], [[Hoffmanniella]], [[Hofmeisteria]], [[Holocarpha]], [[Holocheilus]], [[Hololeion]], [[Holozonia]], [[Homogyne]], [[Hoplophyllum]], [[Huarpea]], [[Hubertia]], [[Hughesia]], [[Hulsea]], [[Humeocline]], [[Hyalis]], [[Hyalochaete]], [[Hyalochlamys]], [[Hyaloseris]], [[Hyalosperma]], [[Hybridella]], [[Hydrodyssodia]], [[Hydroidea]], [[Hydropectis]], [[Hymenocephalus]], [[Hymenoclea]], [[Hymenolepis]], [[Hymenonema]], [[Hymenopappus]], [[Hymenostemma]], [[Hymenostephium]], [[Hymenothrix]], [[Hymenoxys]], [[Hyoseris]], [[Hypacanthium]], [[Hypelichrysum]], [[Hypericophyllum]], [[Hypochaeris]], [[Hysterionica]], [[Hystrichophora]], [[Ichthyothere]], [[Idiothamnus]], [[Ifloga]], [[Ighermia]], [[Iltisia]], [[Imeria]], [[Inezia]], [[Inula]], [[Inulanthera]], [[Iocenes]], [[Iodocephalus]], [[Iogeton]], [[Iostephane]], [[Iphiona]], [[Iphionopsis]], [[Iranecio]], [[Irwinia]], [[Ischnea]], [[Isocarpha]], [[Isocoma]], [[Isoetopsis]], [[Isopappus]], [[Isostigma]], [[Iva]], [[Ixeridium]], [[Ixeris]], [[Ixiochlamys]], [[Ixiolaena]], [[Ixodia]], [[Jacmaia]], [[Jaegeria]], [[Jalcophila]], [[Jaliscoa]], [[Jamesianthus]], [[Jaramilloa]], [[Jasonia]], [[Jaumea]], [[Jefea]], [[Jeffreya]], [[Jungia]], [[Jurinea]], [[Kalimeris]], [[Karelinia]], [[Karvandarina]], [[Kaschgaria]], [[Kaunia]], [[Keysseria]], [[Kinghamia]], [[Kingianthus]], [[Kippistia]], [[Kirkianella]], [[Kleinia]], [[Koanophyllon]], [[Koehneola]], [[Koelpinia]], [[Krigia]], [[Kyrsteniopsis]], [[Lachanodes]], [[Lachnophyllum]], [[Lachnorhiza]], [[Lachnospermum]], [[Lactuca]], [[Lactucosonchus]], [[Laennecia]], [[Laestadia]], [[Lagascea]], [[Lagenophora]], [[Laggera]], [[Lagophylla]], [[Lamprachaenium]], [[Lamprocephalus]], [[Lamyropappus]], [[Lamyropsis]], [[Langebergia]], [[Lantanopsis]], [[Lapsana]], [[Lasianthaea]], [[Lasiocephalus]], [[Lasiolaena]], [[Lasiopogon]], [[Lasiospermum]], [[Lasthenia]], [[Launaea]], [[Lawrencella]], [[Layia]], [[Lecocarpus]], [[Leibnitzia]], [[Leiboldia]], [[Lembertia]], [[Lemooria]], [[Leontodon]], [[Leontopodium]], [[Lepidesmia]], [[Lepidolopha]], [[Lepidolopsis]], [[Lepidonia]], [[Lepidophorum]], [[Lepidophyllum]], [[Lepidospartum]], [[Lepidostephium]], [[Leptinella]], [[Leptocarpha]], [[Leptoclinium]], [[Leptorhynchos]], [[Leptotriche]], [[Lescaillea]], [[Lessingia]], [[Leucactinia]], [[Leucanthemella]], [[Leucanthemopsis]], [[Leucanthemum]], [[Leucheria]], [[Leucoblepharis]], [[Leucocyclus]], [[Leucogenes]], [[Leucopsis]], [[Leucoptera]], [[Leunisia]], [[Leuzea]], [[Leysera]], [[Liabum]], [[Liatris]], [[Libanothamnus]], [[Lidbeckia]], [[Lifago]], [[Ligularia]], [[Limbarda]], [[Lindheimera]], [[Lipochaeta]], [[Lipskyella]], [[Litothamnus]], [[Litrisa]], [[Llerasia]], [[Logfia]], [[Lomatozona]], [[Lonas]], [[Lopholaena]], [[Lophopappus]], [[Lordhowea]], [[Lorentzianthus]], [[Loricaria]], [[Lourteigia]], [[Loxothysanus]], [[Lucilia]], [[Luciliocline]], [[Lugoa]], [[Luina]], [[Lulia]], [[Lundellianthus]], [[Lycapsus]], [[Lychnophora]], [[Lycoseris]], [[Lygodesmia]], [[Macdougalia]], [[Machaeranthera]], [[Macowania]], [[Macrachaenium]], [[Macraea]], [[Macroclinidium]], [[Macropodina]], [[Macvaughiella]], [[Madia]], [[Mairia]], [[Malacothrix]], [[Malmeanthus]], [[Malperia]], [[Mantisalca]], [[Marasmodes]], [[Marshallia]], [[Marshalljohnstonia]], [[Marticorenia]], [[Matricaria]], [[Mattfeldanthus]], [[Mattfeldia]], [[Matudina]], [[Mausolea]], [[Mecomischus]], [[Megalodonta]], [[Melampodium]], [[Melanodendron]], [[Melanthera]], [[Metalasia]], [[Metastevia]], [[Mexerion]], [[Mexianthus]], [[Micractis]], [[Microcephala]], [[Microglossa]], [[Microgynella]], [[Microliabum]], [[Micropsis]], [[Micropus]], [[Microseris]], [[Microspermum]], [[Mikania]], [[Mikaniopsis]], [[Milleria]], [[Millotia]], [[Minuria]], [[Miricacalia]], [[Mniodes]], [[Monactis]], [[Monarrhenus]], [[Monenteles]], [[Monogereion]], [[Monolopia]], [[Monopholis]], [[Monoptilon]], [[Montanoa]], [[Moonia]], [[Moquinia]], [[Morithamnus]], [[Moscharia]], [[Msuata]], [[Mulgedium]], [[Munnozia]], [[Munzothamnus]], [[Muschleria]], [[Mutisia]], [[Mycelis]], [[Myopordon]], [[Myriactis]], [[Myriocephalus]], [[Myripnois]], [[Myxopappus]], [[Nabalus]], [[Nananthea]], [[Nannoglottis]], [[Nanothamnus]], [[Nardophyllum]], [[Narvalina]], [[Nassauvia]], [[Nauplius]], [[Neblinaea]], [[Nelsonianthus]], [[Nemosenecio]], [[Neocabreria]], [[Neocuatrecasia]], [[Neohintonia]], [[Neojeffreya]], [[Neomirandea]], [[Neopallasia]], [[Neotysonia]], [[Neurolaena]], [[Neurolakis]], [[Nicolasia]], [[Nicolletia]], [[Nidorella]], [[Nikitinia]], [[Nipponanthemum]], [[Nolletia]], [[Nothobaccharis]], [[Nothocalais]], [[Noticastrum]], [[Notobasis]], [[Notoptera]], [[Notoseris]], [[Nouelia]], [[Novenia]], [[Oaxacania]], [[Oblivia]], [[Ochrocephala]], [[Odixia]], [[Odontocline]], [[Oedera]], [[Oiospermum]], [[Oldenburgia]], [[Olearia]], [[Olgaea]], [[Oligactis]], [[Oliganthes]], [[Oligochaeta]], [[Oligothrix]], [[Olivaea]], [[Omalotheca]], [[Omphalopappus]], [[Oncosiphon]], [[Ondetia]], [[Onopordum]], [[Onoseris]], [[Oonopsis]], [[Oparanthus]], [[Ophryosporus]], [[Opisthopappus]], [[Oreochrysum]], [[Oreoleysera]], [[Oritrophium]], [[Orochaenactis]], [[Osbertia]], [[Osmiopsis]], [[Osmitopsis]], [[Osteospermum]], [[Otanthus]], [[Oteiza]], [[Othonna]], [[Otopappus]], [[Otospermum]], [[Outreya]], [[Oxycarpha]], [[Oxylaena]], [[Oxylobus]], [[Oxypappus]], [[Oxyphyllum]], [[Oyedaea]], [[Ozothamnus]], [[Pachylaena]], [[Pachythamnus]], [[Packera]], [[Pacourina]], [[Palaeocyanus]], [[Palafoxia]], [[Paleaepappus]], [[Pamphalea]], [[Pappobolus]], [[Papuacalia]], [[Paracalia]], [[Paragynoxys]], [[Paraixeris]], [[Paranephelius]], [[Parantennaria]], [[Parapiqueria]], [[Paraprenanthes]], [[Parasenecio]], [[Parastrephia]], [[Parthenice]], [[Parthenium]], [[Pasaccardoa]], [[Pechuel-Loeschea]], [[Pectis]], [[Pegolettia]], [[Pelucha]], [[Pentacalia]], [[Pentachaeta]], [[Pentanema]], [[Pentatrichia]], [[Pentzia]], [[Perdicium]], [[Perezia]], [[Pericallis]], [[Pericome]], [[Perityle]], [[Perralderia]], [[Pertya]], [[Perymeniopsis]], [[Perymenium]], [[Petalacte]], [[Petasites]], [[Peteravenia]], [[Petradoria]], [[Petrobium]], [[Peucephyllum]], [[Peyrousea]], [[Phacellothrix]], [[Phaenocoma]], [[Phaeostigma]], [[Phagnalon]], [[Phalacrachena]], [[Phalacraea]], [[Phalacrocarpum]], [[Phalacroseris]], [[Phaneroglossa]], [[Phanerostylis]], [[Phania]], [[Philactis]], [[Philoglossa]], [[Philyrophyllum]], [[Phoebanthus]], [[Phyllocephalum]], [[Phymaspermum]], [[Picnomon]], [[Picris]], [[Picrosia]], [[Picrothamnus]], [[Pilosella]], [[Pilostemon]], [[Pinaropappus]], [[Pinillosia]], [[Piora]], [[Pippenalia]], [[Piptocarpha]], [[Piptocoma]], [[Piptolepis]], [[Piptothrix]], [[Piqueria]], [[Piqueriella]], [[Piqueriopsis]], [[Pithecoseris]], [[Pithocarpa]], [[Pittocaulon]], [[Pityopsis]], [[Pladaroxylon]], [[Plagiobasis]], [[Plagiocheilus]], [[Plagiolophus]], [[Plagius]], [[Planaltoa]], [[Planea]], [[Plateilema]], [[Platycarpha]], [[Platypodanthera]], [[Platyschkuhria]], [[Plazia]], [[Plecostachys]], [[Plectocephalus]], [[Pleiotaxis]], [[Pleurocarpaea]], [[Pleurocoronis]], [[Pleuropappus]], [[Pleurophyllum]], [[Pluchea]], [[Plummera]], [[Podachaenium]], [[Podanthus]], [[Podocoma]], [[Podolepis]], [[Podotheca]], [[Poecilolepis]], [[Pogonolepis]], [[Pojarkovia]], [[Pollalesta]], [[Polyachyrus]], [[Polyanthina]], [[Polyarrhena]], [[Polycalymma]], [[Polychrysum]], [[Polymnia]], [[Porophyllum]], [[Porphyrostemma]], [[Praxeliopsis]], [[Praxelis]], [[Prenanthella]], [[[[Prenanthes]]]], [[Printzia]], [[Prionopsis]], [[Prolobus]], [[Prolongoa]], [[Proteopsis]], [[Proustia]], [[Psacaliopsis]], [[Psacalium]], [[Psathyrotes]], [[Psednotrichia]], [[Pseudobaccharis]], [[Pseudobahia]], [[Pseudoblepharispermum]], [[Pseudobrickellia]], [[Pseudocadiscus]], [[Pseudoclappia]], [[Pseudognaphalium]], [[Pseudogynoxys]], [[Pseudohandelia]], [[Pseudokyrsteniopsis]], [[Pseudonoseris]], [[Pseudostifftia]], [[Psiadia]], [[Psiadiella]], [[Psilactis]], [[Psilocarphus]], [[Psilostrophe]], [[Psychrogeton]], [[Psychrophyton]], [[Pterachenia]], [[Pterocaulon]], [[Pterocypsela]], [[Pteronia]], [[Pterothrix]], [[Pterygopappus]], [[Ptilostemon]], [[Pulicaria]], [[Pycnocephalum]], [[Pyrrhopappus]], [[Pyrrocoma]], [[Quelchia]], [[Quinetia]], [[Quinqueremulus]], [[Radlkoferotoma]], [[Rafinesquia]], [[Raillardella]], [[Raillardiopsis]], [[Rainiera]], [[Raoulia]], [[Raouliopsis]], [[Rastrophyllum]], [[Ratibida]], [[Raulinoreitzia]], [[Reichardia]], [[Relhania]], [[Remya]], [[Rennera]], [[Rensonia]], [[Revealia]], [[Rhagadiolus]], [[Rhamphogyne]], [[Rhanteriopsis]], [[Rhanterium]], [[Rhodanthe]], [[Rhodogeron]], [[Rhynchospermum]], [[Rhysolepis]], [[Richteria]], [[Riencourtia]], [[Rigiopappus]], [[Robinsonia]], [[Rochonia]], [[Rojasianthe]], [[Rolandra]], [[Roldana]], [[Rosenia]], [[Rothmaleria]], [[Rudbeckia]], [[Rugelia]], [[Ruilopezia]], [[Rumfordia]], [[Russowia]], [[Rutidosis]], [[Sabazia]], [[Sachsia]], [[Salmea]], [[Salmeopsis]], [[Santolina]], [[Santosia]], [[Sanvitalia]], [[Sartorina]], [[Sartwellia]], [[Saussurea]], [[Scalesia]], [[Scariola]], [[Scherya]], [[Schischkinia]], [[Schistocarpha]], [[Schistostephium]], [[Schizogyne]], [[Schizoptera]], [[Schizotrichia]], [[Schkuhria]], [[Schlechtendalia]], [[Schmalhausenia]], [[Schoenia]], [[Schumeria]], [[Sciadocephala]], [[Sclerocarpus]], [[Sclerolepis]], [[Sclerorhachis]], [[Sclerostephane]], [[Scolymus]], [[Scorzonella]], [[Scorzonera]], [[Scrobicaria]], [[Scyphocoronis]], [[Selleophytum]], [[Selloa]], [[Senecio]], [[Sericocarpus]], [[Seriphidium]], [[Serratula]], [[Shafera]], [[Sheareria]], [[Shinnersia]], [[Shinnersoseris]], [[Siebera]], [[Sigesbeckia]], [[Siloxerus]], [[Silphium]], [[Silybum]], [[Simsia]], [[Sinacalia]], [[Sinclairia]], [[Sinoleontopodium]], [[Sinosenecio]], [[Sipolisia]], [[Smallanthus]], [[Soaresia]], [[Solanecio]], [[Solenogyne]], [[Solidago]], [[Soliva]], [[Sommerfeltia]], [[Sonchus]], [[Sondottia]], [[Soroseris]], [[Spaniopappus]], [[Sphaeranthus]], [[Sphaereupatorium]], [[Sphaeroclinium]], [[Sphaeromeria]], [[Sphaeromorphaea]], [[Sphagneticola]], [[Spilanthes]], [[Spiracantha]], [[Spiroseris]], [[Squamopappus]], [[Stachycephalum]], [[Staehelina]], [[Standleyanthus]], [[Stanfieldia]], [[Staurochlamys]], [[Stebbinsoseris]], [[Steiractinia]], [[Steirodiscus]], [[Stenachaenium]], [[Stenocarpha]], [[Stenocline]], [[Stenopadus]], [[Stenophalium]], [[Stenops]], [[Stenotus]], [[Stephanochilus]], [[Stephanodoria]], [[Stephanomeria]], [[Steptorhamphus]], [[Stevia]], [[Steviopsis]], [[Steyermarkina]], [[Stifftia]], [[Stilpnogyne]], [[Stilpnolepis]], [[Stilpnopappus]], [[Stoebe]], [[Stokesia]], [[Stomatanthes]], [[Stomatochaeta]], [[Stramentopappus]], [[Streptoglossa]], [[Strotheria]], [[Struchium]], [[Stuartina]], [[Stuckertiella]], [[Stuessya]], [[Stylocline]], [[Stylotrichium]], [[Sventenia]], [[Symphyllocarpus]], [[Symphyopappus]], [[Syncalathium]], [[Syncarpha]], [[Syncephalum]], [[Syncretocarpus]], [[Synedrella]], [[Synedrellopsis]], [[Syneilesis]], [[Synotis]], [[Syntrichopappus]], [[Synurus]], [[Syreitschikovia]], [[Tagetes]], [[Tamananthus]], [[Tamania]], [[Tamaulipa]], [[Tanacetum]], [[Taplinia]], [[Taraxacum]], [[Tarchonanthus]], [[Teixeiranthus]], [[Telanthophora]], [[Telekia]], [[Telmatophila]], [[Tenrhynea]], [[Tephroseris]], [[Terana]], [[Tessaria]], [[Tetrachyron]], [[Tetradymia]], [[Tetragonotheca]], [[Tetramolopium]], [[Tetraneuris]], [[Tetranthus]], [[Tetraperone]], [[Thaminophyllum]], [[Thamnoseris]], [[Thelesperma]], [[Thespidium]], [[Thespis]], [[Thevenotia]], [[Thiseltonia]], [[Thymophylla]], [[Thymopsis]], [[Tiarocarpus]], [[Tietkensia]], [[Tithonia]], [[Tolpis]], [[Tonestus]], [[Tourneuxia]], [[Townsendia]], [[Toxanthes]], [[Tracyina]], [[Tragopogon]], [[Traversia]], [[Trichanthemis]], [[Trichanthodium]], [[Trichapium]], [[Trichocline]], [[Trichocoronis]], [[Trichocoryne]], [[Trichogonia]], [[Trichogoniopsis]], [[Trichogyne]], [[Tricholepis]], [[Trichoptilium]], [[Trichospira]], [[Tridactylina]], [[Tridax]], [[Trigonospermum]], [[Trilisa]], [[Trioncinia]], [[Tripleurospermum]], [[Triplocephalum]], [[Triptilion]], [[Triptilodiscus]], [[Trixis]], [[Troglophyton]], [[Tuberostylis]], [[Tugarinovia]], [[Turaniphytum]], [[Tussilago]], [[Tuxtla]], [[Tyleropappus]], [[Tyrimnus]], [[Uechtritzia]], [[Ugamia]], [[Uleophytum]], [[Unxia]], [[Urbananthus]], [[Urbinella]], [[Urmenetea]], [[Urolepis]], [[Uropappus]], [[Urospermum]], [[Ursinia]], [[Vanclevea]], [[Vanillosmopsis]], [[Varilla]], [[Varthemia]], [[Vellereophyton]], [[Venegasia]], [[Verbesina]], [[Vernonia]], [[Vernoniopsis]], [[Vieraea]], [[Viereckia]], [[Vigethia]], [[Viguiera]], [[Villanova]], [[Vilobia]], [[Vittadinia]], [[Vittetia]], [[Volutaria]], [[Wagenitzia]], [[Waitzia]], [[Wamalchitamia]], [[Warionia]], [[Wedelia]], [[Welwitschiella]], [[Werneria]], [[Westoniella]], [[Whitneya]], [[Wilkesia]], [[Wollastonia]], [[Wulffia]], [[Wunderlichia]], [[Wyethia]], [[Xanthisma]], [[Xanthium]], [[Xanthocephalum]], [[Xanthopappus]], [[Xeranthemum]], [[Xerolekia]], [[Xylanthemum]], [[Xylothamia]], [[Yermo]], [[Youngia]], [[Zaluzania]], [[Zandera]], [[Zexmenia]], [[Zinnia]], [[Zoegea]], [[Zyzyxia]]'' | <div style="font-size: 85%;">'[['Aaronsohnia]], [[Abrotanella]], [[Acamptopappus]], [[Acanthocephalus]], [[Acanthocladium]], [[Acanthodesmos]], [[Acantholepis]], [[Acanthospermum]], [[Acanthostyles]], [[Achaetogeron]], [[Achillea]], [[Achnophora]], [[Achnopogon]], [[Achyrachaena]], [[Achyrocline]], [[Achyropappus]], [[Achyrothalamus]], [[Acmella]], [[Acomis]], [[Acourtia]], [[Acrisione]], [[Acritopappus]], [[Acroclinium]], [[Acroptilon]], [[Actinobole]], [[Actinoseris]], [[Actinospermum]], [[Adelostigma]], [[Adenanthellum]], [[Adenocaulon]], [[Adenocritonia]], [[Adenoglossa]], [[Adenoon]], [[Adenopappus]], [[Adenophyllum]], [[Adenostemma]], [[Adenothamnus]], [[Aedesia]], [[Aegopordon]], [[Aequatorium]], [[Aetheorhiza]], [[Ageratella]], [[Ageratina]], [[Ageratinastrum]], [[Ageratum]], [[Agiabampoa]], [[Agoseris]], [[Agrianthus]], [[Ainsliaea]], [[Ajania]], [[Ajaniopsis]], [[Alatoseta]], [[Albertinia]], [[Alcantara (plant)|Alcantara]], [[Alciope]], [[Aldama]], [[Alepidocline]], [[Alfredia]], [[Aliella]], [[Allagopappus]], [[Allardia]], [[Alloispermum]], [[Allopterigeron]], [[Alomia]], [[Alomiella]], [[Alvordia]], [[Amauria]], [[Amberboa]], [[Amblyocarpum]], [[Amblyolepis]], [[Amblyopappus]], [[Amboroa]], [[Ambrosia]], [[Ameghinoa]], [[Amellus]], [[Ammobium]], [[Amolinia]], [[Amphiachyris]], [[Amphiglossa]], [[Amphipappus]], [[Amphoricarpos]], [[Anacantha]], [[Anacyclus]], [[Anaphalioides]], [[Anaphalis]], [[Anastraphia]], [[Anaxeton]], [[Ancathia]], [[Ancistrophora]], [[Andryala]], [[Angelphytum]], [[Angianthus]], [[Anisochaeta]], [[Anisocoma]], [[Anisopappus]], [[Anisothrix]], [[Anomostephium]], [[Antennaria]], [[Anthemis]], [[Antheropeas]], [[Antillia]], [[Antiphiona]], [[Antithrixia]], [[Anura]], [[Anvillea]], [[Apalochlamys]], [[Apargidium]], [[Aphanactis]], [[Aphanostephus]], [[Aphyllocladus]], [[Apodocephala]], [[Aposeris]], [[Apostates]], [[Arbelaezaster]], [[Archibaccharis]], [[Arctanthemum]], [[Arctium]], [[Arctogeron]], [[Arctotheca]], [[Arctotis]], [[Argyranthemum]], [[Argyroglottis]], [[Argyrophanes]], [[Argyroxiphium]], [[Aristeguietia]], [[Arnaldoa]], [[Arnica]], [[Arnicastrum]], [[Arnoglossum]], [[Arnoseris]], [[Arrhenechthites]], [[Arrojadocharis]], [[Arrowsmithia]], [[Alsem|Artemisia]], [[Artemisiopsis]], [[Asanthus]], [[Ascidiogyne]], [[Aspilia]], [[Asplundianthus]], [[Aster]], [[Asteridea]], [[Asteriscus]], [[Asteromoea]], [[Astranthium]], [[Athanasia]], [[Athrixia]], [[Athroisma]], [[Atractylis]], [[Atractylodes]], [[Atrichantha]], [[Atrichoseris]], [[Austrobrickellia]], [[Austrocritonia]], [[Austroeupatorium]], [[Austroliabum]], [[Austrosynotis]], [[Avellara]], [[Axiniphyllum]], [[Ayapana]], [[Ayapanopsis]], [[Aylacophora]], [[Baccharis]], [[Badilloa]], [[Baeriopsis]], [[Bafutia]], [[Bahia]], [[Bahianthus]], [[Baileya]], [[Balduina]], [[Balsamorhiza]], [[Baltimora]], [[Barkleyanthus]], [[Barnadesia]], [[Barroetea]], [[Barrosoa]], [[Bartlettia]], [[Bartlettina]], [[Basedowia]], [[Bebbia]], [[Bedfordia]], [[Bejaranoa]], [[Bellida]], [[Bellis]], [[Bellium]], [[Belloa]], [[Benitoa]], [[Berardia]], [[Berkheya]], [[Berlandiera]], [[Berroa]], [[Bidens]], [[Bigelowia]], [[Bishopalea]], [[Bishopanthus]], [[Bishopiella]], [[Bishovia]], [[Blainvillea]], [[Blakeanthus]], [[Blakiella]], [[Blanchetia]], [[Blennosperma]], [[Blennospora]], [[Blepharipappus]], [[Blepharispermum]], [[Blepharizonia]], [[Blumea]], [[Blumeopsis]], [[Boeberastrum]], [[Boeberoides]], [[Bolanosa]], [[Bolophyta]], [[Boltonia]], [[Bombycilaena]], [[Borrichia]], [[Bothriocline]], [[Brachanthemum]], [[Brachionostylum]], [[Brachyclados]], [[Brachyglottis]], [[Brachylaena]], [[Brachyscome]], [[Brachythrix]], [[Bracteantha]], [[Bradburia]], [[Brickellia]], [[Brickelliastrum]], [[Bryomorphe]], [[Buphthalmum]], [[Burkartia]], [[Cabreriella]], [[Cacalia]], [[Cacaliopsis]], [[Cacosmia]], [[Cadiscus]], [[Caesulia]], [[Calea]], [[Calendula]], [[Callicephalus]], [[Callilepis]], [[Callistephus]], [[Calocephalus]], [[Calomeria]], [[Calopappus]], [[Calostephane]], [[Calotesta]], [[Calotis]], [[Calycadenia]], [[Calycocorsus]], [[Calycoseris]], [[Calyptocarpus]], [[Camchaya]], [[Campovassouria]], [[Camptacra]], [[Campuloclinium]], [[Cancrinia]], [[Cancriniella]], [[Cardopatium]], [[Carduncellus]], [[Carduus]], [[Carlina]], [[Carminatia]], [[Carpesium]], [[Carphephorus]], [[Carphochaete]], [[Carramboa]], [[Carterothamnus]], [[Carthamus]], [[Cassinia]], [[Castalis]], [[Castenedia]], [[Catamixis]], [[Catananche]], [[Catatia]], [[Cavalcantia]], [[Cavea]], [[Celmisia]], [[Centaurea]], [[Centaurodendron]], [[Centauropsis]], [[Centaurothamnus]], [[Centipeda]], [[Centratherum]], [[Cephalipterum]], [[Cephalopappus]], [[Cephalorrhynchus]], [[Cephalosorus]], [[Ceratogyne]], [[Ceruana]], [[Chacoa]], [[Chaenactis]], [[Chaetadelpha]], [[Chaetanthera]], [[Chaetopappa]], [[Chaetospira]], [[Chaetymenia]], [[Chamaechaenactis]], [[Chamaegeron]], [[Chamaeleon]], [[Chamaemelum]], [[Chamaepus]], [[Chaptalia]], [[Chardinia]], [[Cheirolophus]], [[Chersodoma]], [[Chevreulia]], [[Chiliadenus]], [[Chiliocephalum]], [[Chiliophyllum]], [[Chiliotrichiopsis]], [[Chiliotrichum]], [[Chimantaea]], [[Chionolaena]], [[Chionopappus]], [[Chlamydophora]], [[Chloracantha]], [[Chondrilla]], [[Chondropyxis]], [[Chorisis]], [[Chresta]], [[Chromolaena]], [[Chromolepis]], [[Chronopappus]], [[Chrysactinia]], [[Chrysactinium]], [[Chrysanthellum]], [[Chrysanthemoides]], [[Chrysanthemum]], [[Chrysocephalum]], [[Chrysocoma]], [[Chrysogonum]], [[Chrysophthalmum]], [[Chrysopsis]], [[Chrysothamnus]], [[Chthonocephalus]], [[Chucoa]], [[Chuquiraga]], [[Cicerbita]], [[Ciceronia]], [[Cichorium]], [[Cineraria]], [[Cirsium]], [[Cissampelopsis]], [[Cladanthus]], [[Cladochaeta]], [[Clappia]], [[Clibadium]], [[Cnicothamnus]], [[Cnicus]], [[Coespeletia]], [[Coleocoma]], [[Coleostephus]], [[Colobanthera]], [[Comaclinium]], [[Commidendrum]], [[Complaya]], [[Condylidium]], [[Condylopodium]], [[Conocliniopsis]], [[Conoclinium]], [[Conyza]], [[Coreocarpus]], [[Coreopsis]], [[Corethamnium]], [[Corethrogyne]], [[Correllia]], [[Corymbium]], [[Cosmos]], [[Cotula]], [[Coulterella]], [[Cousinia]], [[Cousiniopsis]], [[Craspedia]], [[Crassocephalum]], [[Cratystylis]], [[Cremanthodium]], [[Crepidiastrum]], [[Crepis]], [[Critonia]], [[Critoniadelphus]], [[Critoniella]], [[Critoniopsis]], [[Crocidium]], [[Cronquistia]], [[Cronquistianthus]], [[Croptilon]], [[Crossostephium]], [[Crossothamnus]], [[Crupina]], [[Cuatrecasasiella]], [[Cuchumatanea]], [[Cullumia]], [[Cuspidia]], [[Cyathocline]], [[Cyathomone]], [[Cyclachaena]], [[Cyclolepis]], [[Cylindrocline]], [[Cymbolaena]], [[Cymbonotus]], [[Cymbopappus]], [[Cymophora]], [[Cynara]], [[Dacryotrichia]], [[Dahlia]], [[Damnxanthodium]], [[Darwiniothamnus]], [[Dasycondylus]], [[Dasyphyllum]], [[Daveaua]], [[Decachaeta]], [[Decastylocarpus]], [[Decazesia]], [[Delairea]], [[Delamerea]], [[Delilia]], [[Dendranthema]], [[Dendrocacalia]], [[Dendrosenecio]], [[Dendroseris]], [[Denekia]], [[Desmanthodium]], [[Dewildemania]], [[Diacranthera]], [[Dianthoseris]], [[Diaperia]], [[Diaphractanthus]], [[Dicercoclados]], [[Dichaetophora]], [[Dichrocephala]], [[Dichromochlamys]], [[Dicoma]], [[Dicoria]], [[Dicranocarpus]], [[Didelta]], [[Dielitzia]], [[Digitacalia]], [[Dimeresia]], [[Dimerostemma]], [[Dimorphocoma]], [[Dimorphotheca]], [[Dinoseris]], [[Diodontium]], [[Diplazoptilon]], [[Diplostephium]], [[Dipterocome]], [[Dipterocypsela]], [[Disparago]], [[Dissothrix]], [[Distephanus]], [[Disynaphia]], [[Dithyrostegia]], [[Dittrichia]], [[Dolichlasium]], [[Dolichoglottis]], [[Dolichorrhiza]], [[Dolichothrix]], [[Dolomiaea]], [[Doniophyton]], [[Doronicum]], [[Dresslerothamnus]], [[Dubautia]], [[Dubyaea]], [[Dugaldia]], [[Dugesia]], [[Duhaldea]], [[Duidaea]], [[Duseniella]], [[Dymondia]], [[Dyscritogyne]], [[Dyscritothamnus]], [[Dysodiopsis]], [[Dyssodia]], [[Eastwoodia]], [[Eatonella]], [[Echinacea]], [[Echinops]], [[Eclipta]], [[Edmondia]], [[Egletes]], [[Eitenia]], [[Ekmania]], [[Elachanthus]], [[Elaphandra]], [[Elephantopus]], [[Eleutheranthera]], [[Ellenbergia]], [[Elytropappus]], [[Emilia]], [[Emiliella]], [[Encelia]], [[Enceliopsis]], [[Endocellion]], [[Endopappus]], [[Engelmannia]], [[Engleria]], [[Enydra]], [[Epaltes]], [[Epilasia]], [[Episcothamnus]], [[Epitriche]], [[Erato (plant)|Erato]], [[Erechtites]], [[Eremanthus]], [[Eremosis]], [[Eremothamnus]], [[Eriachaenium]], [[Ericameria]], [[Ericentrodea]], [[Erigeron]], [[Eriocephalus]], [[Eriochlamys]], [[Eriophyllum]], [[Eriotrix]], [[Erlangea]], [[Erodiophyllum]], [[Erymophyllum]], [[Eryngiophyllum]], [[Erythradenia]], [[Erythrocephalum]], [[Espejoa]], [[Espeletia]], [[Espeletiopsis]], [[Ethulia]], [[Euchiton]], [[Eumorphia]], [[Eupatoriastrum]], [[Eupatorina]], [[Eupatoriopsis]], [[Eupatorium]], [[Euphrosyne]], [[Eurydochus]], [[Euryops]], [[Eutetras]], [[Euthamia]], [[Evacidium]], [[Ewartia]], [[Ewartiothamnus]], [[Exomiocarpon]], [[Faberia]], [[Facelis]], [[Farfugium]], [[Faujasia]], [[Faxonia]], [[Feddea]], [[Feldstonia]], [[Felicia]], [[Fenixia]], [[Ferreyranthus]], [[Ferreyrella]], [[Filago]], [[Filifolium]], [[Fitchia]], [[Fitzwillia]], [[Flaveria]], [[Fleischmannia]], [[Fleischmanniopsis]], [[Florestina]], [[Floscaldasia]], [[Flosmutisia]], [[Flourensia]], [[Flyriella]], [[Formania]], [[Foveolina]], [[Freya]], [[Fulcaldea]], [[Gaillardia]], [[Galactites]], [[Galeana]], [[Galeomma]], [[Galinsoga]], [[Gamochaeta]], [[Gamochaetopsis]], [[Garberia]], [[Garcibarrigoa]], [[Garcilassa]], [[Gardnerina]], [[Garuleum]], [[Gazania]], [[Gazaniopsis]], [[Geigeria]], [[Geissolepis]], [[Geissopappus]], [[Geraea]], [[Gerbera]], [[Geropogon]], [[Gibbaria]], [[Gilberta]], [[Gilruthia]], [[Gladiopappus]], [[Glossarion]], [[Glossocardia]], [[Glossopappus]], [[Glyptopleura]], [[Gnaphaliothamnus]], [[Gnaphalium]], [[Gnephosis]], [[Gochnatia]], [[Goldmanella]], [[Gongrostylus]], [[Gongylolepis]], [[Goniocaulon]], [[Gonospermum]], [[Gorceixia]], [[Gorteria]], [[Gossweilera]], [[Goyazianthus]], [[Grangea]], [[Grangeopsis]], [[Graphistylis]], [[Gratwickia]], [[Grauanthus]], [[Grazielia]], [[Greenmaniella]], [[Grindelia]], [[Grisebachianthus]], [[Grosvenoria]], [[Guardiola]], [[Guayania]], [[Guevaria]], [[Guizotia]], [[Gundelia]], [[Gundlachia]], [[Gutenbergia]], [[Gutierrezia]], [[Gymnarrhena]], [[Gymnocondylus]], [[Gymnocoronis]], [[Gymnodiscus]], [[Gymnolaena]], [[Gymnopentzia]], [[Gymnosperma]], [[Gymnostephium]], [[Gynoxys]], [[Gynura]], [[Gypothamnium]], [[Gyptidium]], [[Gyptis]], [[Gyrodoma]], [[Haastia]], [[Haeckeria]], [[Haegiela]], [[Handelia]], [[Haplocalymma]], [[Haplocarpha]], [[Haploesthes]], [[Haplopappus]], [[Haplostephium]], [[Harleya]], [[Harnackia]], [[Hartwrightia]], [[Hasteola]], [[Hatschbachiella]], [[Hazardia]], [[Hebeclinium]], [[Hecastocleis]], [[Hedypnois]], [[Helenium]], [[Helianthella]], [[Helianthopsis]], [[Helianthus]], [[Helichrysopsis]], [[Helichrysum]], [[Heliocauta]], [[Heliomeris]], [[Heliopsis]], [[Helogyne]], [[Hemisteptia]], [[Hemizonia]], [[Henricksonia]], [[Heptanthus]], [[Herderia]], [[Herodotia]], [[Hesperomannia]], [[Heteracia]], [[Heteranthemis]], [[Heterocoma]], [[Heterocondylus]], [[Heterocypsela]], [[Heteroderis]], [[Heterolepis]], [[Heteromera]], [[Heteromma]], [[Heteropappus]], [[Heteroplexis]], [[Heterorhachis]], [[Heterosperma]], [[Heterothalamus]], [[Heterotheca]], [[Hidalgoa]], [[Hieracium]], [[Hilliardia]], [[Hinterhubera]], [[Hippia]], [[Hippolytia]], [[Hirpicium]], [[Hispidella]], [[Hoehnephytum]], [[Hoffmanniella]], [[Hofmeisteria]], [[Holocarpha]], [[Holocheilus]], [[Hololeion]], [[Holozonia]], [[Homogyne]], [[Hoplophyllum]], [[Huarpea]], [[Hubertia]], [[Hughesia]], [[Hulsea]], [[Humeocline]], [[Hyalis]], [[Hyalochaete]], [[Hyalochlamys]], [[Hyaloseris]], [[Hyalosperma]], [[Hybridella]], [[Hydrodyssodia]], [[Hydroidea]], [[Hydropectis]], [[Hymenocephalus]], [[Hymenoclea]], [[Hymenolepis]], [[Hymenonema]], [[Hymenopappus]], [[Hymenostemma]], [[Hymenostephium]], [[Hymenothrix]], [[Hymenoxys]], [[Hyoseris]], [[Hypacanthium]], [[Hypelichrysum]], [[Hypericophyllum]], [[Hypochaeris]], [[Hysterionica]], [[Hystrichophora]], [[Ichthyothere]], [[Idiothamnus]], [[Ifloga]], [[Ighermia]], [[Iltisia]], [[Imeria]], [[Inezia]], [[Inula]], [[Inulanthera]], [[Iocenes]], [[Iodocephalus]], [[Iogeton]], [[Iostephane]], [[Iphiona]], [[Iphionopsis]], [[Iranecio]], [[Irwinia]], [[Ischnea]], [[Isocarpha]], [[Isocoma]], [[Isoetopsis]], [[Isopappus]], [[Isostigma]], [[Iva]], [[Ixeridium]], [[Ixeris]], [[Ixiochlamys]], [[Ixiolaena]], [[Ixodia]], [[Jacmaia]], [[Jaegeria]], [[Jalcophila]], [[Jaliscoa]], [[Jamesianthus]], [[Jaramilloa]], [[Jasonia]], [[Jaumea]], [[Jefea]], [[Jeffreya]], [[Jungia]], [[Jurinea]], [[Kalimeris]], [[Karelinia]], [[Karvandarina]], [[Kaschgaria]], [[Kaunia]], [[Keysseria]], [[Kinghamia]], [[Kingianthus]], [[Kippistia]], [[Kirkianella]], [[Kleinia]], [[Koanophyllon]], [[Koehneola]], [[Koelpinia]], [[Krigia]], [[Kyrsteniopsis]], [[Lachanodes]], [[Lachnophyllum]], [[Lachnorhiza]], [[Lachnospermum]], [[Lactuca]], [[Lactucosonchus]], [[Laennecia]], [[Laestadia]], [[Lagascea]], [[Lagenophora]], [[Laggera]], [[Lagophylla]], [[Lamprachaenium]], [[Lamprocephalus]], [[Lamyropappus]], [[Lamyropsis]], [[Langebergia]], [[Lantanopsis]], [[Lapsana]], [[Lasianthaea]], [[Lasiocephalus]], [[Lasiolaena]], [[Lasiopogon]], [[Lasiospermum]], [[Lasthenia]], [[Launaea]], [[Lawrencella]], [[Layia]], [[Lecocarpus]], [[Leibnitzia]], [[Leiboldia]], [[Lembertia]], [[Lemooria]], [[Leontodon]], [[Leontopodium]], [[Lepidesmia]], [[Lepidolopha]], [[Lepidolopsis]], [[Lepidonia]], [[Lepidophorum]], [[Lepidophyllum]], [[Lepidospartum]], [[Lepidostephium]], [[Leptinella]], [[Leptocarpha]], [[Leptoclinium]], [[Leptorhynchos]], [[Leptotriche]], [[Lescaillea]], [[Lessingia]], [[Leucactinia]], [[Leucanthemella]], [[Leucanthemopsis]], [[Leucanthemum]], [[Leucheria]], [[Leucoblepharis]], [[Leucocyclus]], [[Leucogenes]], [[Leucopsis]], [[Leucoptera]], [[Leunisia]], [[Leuzea]], [[Leysera]], [[Liabum]], [[Liatris]], [[Libanothamnus]], [[Lidbeckia]], [[Lifago]], [[Ligularia]], [[Limbarda]], [[Lindheimera]], [[Lipochaeta]], [[Lipskyella]], [[Litothamnus]], [[Litrisa]], [[Llerasia]], [[Logfia]], [[Lomatozona]], [[Lonas]], [[Lopholaena]], [[Lophopappus]], [[Lordhowea]], [[Lorentzianthus]], [[Loricaria]], [[Lourteigia]], [[Loxothysanus]], [[Lucilia]], [[Luciliocline]], [[Lugoa]], [[Luina]], [[Lulia]], [[Lundellianthus]], [[Lycapsus]], [[Lychnophora]], [[Lycoseris]], [[Lygodesmia]], [[Macdougalia]], [[Machaeranthera]], [[Macowania]], [[Macrachaenium]], [[Macraea]], [[Macroclinidium]], [[Macropodina]], [[Macvaughiella]], [[Madia]], [[Mairia]], [[Malacothrix]], [[Malmeanthus]], [[Malperia]], [[Mantisalca]], [[Marasmodes]], [[Marshallia]], [[Marshalljohnstonia]], [[Marticorenia]], [[Matricaria]], [[Mattfeldanthus]], [[Mattfeldia]], [[Matudina]], [[Mausolea]], [[Mecomischus]], [[Megalodonta]], [[Melampodium]], [[Melanodendron]], [[Melanthera]], [[Metalasia]], [[Metastevia]], [[Mexerion]], [[Mexianthus]], [[Micractis]], [[Microcephala]], [[Microglossa]], [[Microgynella]], [[Microliabum]], [[Micropsis]], [[Micropus]], [[Microseris]], [[Microspermum]], [[Mikania]], [[Mikaniopsis]], [[Milleria]], [[Millotia]], [[Minuria]], [[Miricacalia]], [[Mniodes]], [[Monactis]], [[Monarrhenus]], [[Monenteles]], [[Monogereion]], [[Monolopia]], [[Monopholis]], [[Monoptilon]], [[Montanoa]], [[Moonia]], [[Moquinia]], [[Morithamnus]], [[Moscharia]], [[Msuata]], [[Mulgedium]], [[Munnozia]], [[Munzothamnus]], [[Muschleria]], [[Mutisia]], [[Mycelis]], [[Myopordon]], [[Myriactis]], [[Myriocephalus]], [[Myripnois]], [[Myxopappus]], [[Nabalus]], [[Nananthea]], [[Nannoglottis]], [[Nanothamnus]], [[Nardophyllum]], [[Narvalina]], [[Nassauvia]], [[Nauplius]], [[Neblinaea]], [[Nelsonianthus]], [[Nemosenecio]], [[Neocabreria]], [[Neocuatrecasia]], [[Neohintonia]], [[Neojeffreya]], [[Neomirandea]], [[Neopallasia]], [[Neotysonia]], [[Neurolaena]], [[Neurolakis]], [[Nicolasia]], [[Nicolletia]], [[Nidorella]], [[Nikitinia]], [[Nipponanthemum]], [[Nolletia]], [[Nothobaccharis]], [[Nothocalais]], [[Noticastrum]], [[Notobasis]], [[Notoptera]], [[Notoseris]], [[Nouelia]], [[Novenia]], [[Oaxacania]], [[Oblivia]], [[Ochrocephala]], [[Odixia]], [[Odontocline]], [[Oedera]], [[Oiospermum]], [[Oldenburgia]], [[Olearia]], [[Olgaea]], [[Oligactis]], [[Oliganthes]], [[Oligochaeta]], [[Oligothrix]], [[Olivaea]], [[Omalotheca]], [[Omphalopappus]], [[Oncosiphon]], [[Ondetia]], [[Onopordum]], [[Onoseris]], [[Oonopsis]], [[Oparanthus]], [[Ophryosporus]], [[Opisthopappus]], [[Oreochrysum]], [[Oreoleysera]], [[Oritrophium]], [[Orochaenactis]], [[Osbertia]], [[Osmiopsis]], [[Osmitopsis]], [[Osteospermum]], [[Otanthus]], [[Oteiza]], [[Othonna]], [[Otopappus]], [[Otospermum]], [[Outreya]], [[Oxycarpha]], [[Oxylaena]], [[Oxylobus]], [[Oxypappus]], [[Oxyphyllum]], [[Oyedaea]], [[Ozothamnus]], [[Pachylaena]], [[Pachythamnus]], [[Packera]], [[Pacourina]], [[Palaeocyanus]], [[Palafoxia]], [[Paleaepappus]], [[Pamphalea]], [[Pappobolus]], [[Papuacalia]], [[Paracalia]], [[Paragynoxys]], [[Paraixeris]], [[Paranephelius]], [[Parantennaria]], [[Parapiqueria]], [[Paraprenanthes]], [[Parasenecio]], [[Parastrephia]], [[Parthenice]], [[Parthenium]], [[Pasaccardoa]], [[Pechuel-Loeschea]], [[Pectis]], [[Pegolettia]], [[Pelucha]], [[Pentacalia]], [[Pentachaeta]], [[Pentanema]], [[Pentatrichia]], [[Pentzia]], [[Perdicium]], [[Perezia]], [[Pericallis]], [[Pericome]], [[Perityle]], [[Perralderia]], [[Pertya]], [[Perymeniopsis]], [[Perymenium]], [[Petalacte]], [[Petasites]], [[Peteravenia]], [[Petradoria]], [[Petrobium]], [[Peucephyllum]], [[Peyrousea]], [[Phacellothrix]], [[Phaenocoma]], [[Phaeostigma]], [[Phagnalon]], [[Phalacrachena]], [[Phalacraea]], [[Phalacrocarpum]], [[Phalacroseris]], [[Phaneroglossa]], [[Phanerostylis]], [[Phania]], [[Philactis]], [[Philoglossa]], [[Philyrophyllum]], [[Phoebanthus]], [[Phyllocephalum]], [[Phymaspermum]], [[Picnomon]], [[Picris]], [[Picrosia]], [[Picrothamnus]], [[Pilosella]], [[Pilostemon]], [[Pinaropappus]], [[Pinillosia]], [[Piora]], [[Pippenalia]], [[Piptocarpha]], [[Piptocoma]], [[Piptolepis]], [[Piptothrix]], [[Piqueria]], [[Piqueriella]], [[Piqueriopsis]], [[Pithecoseris]], [[Pithocarpa]], [[Pittocaulon]], [[Pityopsis]], [[Pladaroxylon]], [[Plagiobasis]], [[Plagiocheilus]], [[Plagiolophus]], [[Plagius]], [[Planaltoa]], [[Planea]], [[Plateilema]], [[Platycarpha]], [[Platypodanthera]], [[Platyschkuhria]], [[Plazia]], [[Plecostachys]], [[Plectocephalus]], [[Pleiotaxis]], [[Pleurocarpaea]], [[Pleurocoronis]], [[Pleuropappus]], [[Pleurophyllum]], [[Pluchea]], [[Plummera]], [[Podachaenium]], [[Podanthus]], [[Podocoma]], [[Podolepis]], [[Podotheca]], [[Poecilolepis]], [[Pogonolepis]], [[Pojarkovia]], [[Pollalesta]], [[Polyachyrus]], [[Polyanthina]], [[Polyarrhena]], [[Polycalymma]], [[Polychrysum]], [[Polymnia]], [[Porophyllum]], [[Porphyrostemma]], [[Praxeliopsis]], [[Praxelis]], [[Prenanthella]], [[[[Prenanthes]]]], [[Printzia]], [[Prionopsis]], [[Prolobus]], [[Prolongoa]], [[Proteopsis]], [[Proustia]], [[Psacaliopsis]], [[Psacalium]], [[Psathyrotes]], [[Psednotrichia]], [[Pseudobaccharis]], [[Pseudobahia]], [[Pseudoblepharispermum]], [[Pseudobrickellia]], [[Pseudocadiscus]], [[Pseudoclappia]], [[Pseudognaphalium]], [[Pseudogynoxys]], [[Pseudohandelia]], [[Pseudokyrsteniopsis]], [[Pseudonoseris]], [[Pseudostifftia]], [[Psiadia]], [[Psiadiella]], [[Psilactis]], [[Psilocarphus]], [[Psilostrophe]], [[Psychrogeton]], [[Psychrophyton]], [[Pterachenia]], [[Pterocaulon]], [[Pterocypsela]], [[Pteronia]], [[Pterothrix]], [[Pterygopappus]], [[Ptilostemon]], [[Pulicaria]], [[Pycnocephalum]], [[Pyrrhopappus]], [[Pyrrocoma]], [[Quelchia]], [[Quinetia]], [[Quinqueremulus]], [[Radlkoferotoma]], [[Rafinesquia]], [[Raillardella]], [[Raillardiopsis]], [[Rainiera]], [[Raoulia]], [[Raouliopsis]], [[Rastrophyllum]], [[Ratibida]], [[Raulinoreitzia]], [[Reichardia]], [[Relhania]], [[Remya]], [[Rennera]], [[Rensonia]], [[Revealia]], [[Rhagadiolus]], [[Rhamphogyne]], [[Rhanteriopsis]], [[Rhanterium]], [[Rhodanthe]], [[Rhodogeron]], [[Rhynchospermum]], [[Rhysolepis]], [[Richteria]], [[Riencourtia]], [[Rigiopappus]], [[Robinsonia]], [[Rochonia]], [[Rojasianthe]], [[Rolandra]], [[Roldana]], [[Rosenia]], [[Rothmaleria]], [[Rudbeckia]], [[Rugelia]], [[Ruilopezia]], [[Rumfordia]], [[Russowia]], [[Rutidosis]], [[Sabazia]], [[Sachsia]], [[Salmea]], [[Salmeopsis]], [[Santolina]], [[Santosia]], [[Sanvitalia]], [[Sartorina]], [[Sartwellia]], [[Saussurea]], [[Scalesia]], [[Scariola]], [[Scherya]], [[Schischkinia]], [[Schistocarpha]], [[Schistostephium]], [[Schizogyne]], [[Schizoptera]], [[Schizotrichia]], [[Schkuhria]], [[Schlechtendalia]], [[Schmalhausenia]], [[Schoenia]], [[Schumeria]], [[Sciadocephala]], [[Sclerocarpus]], [[Sclerolepis]], [[Sclerorhachis]], [[Sclerostephane]], [[Scolymus]], [[Scorzonella]], [[Scorzonera]], [[Scrobicaria]], [[Scyphocoronis]], [[Selleophytum]], [[Selloa]], [[Senecio]], [[Sericocarpus]], [[Seriphidium]], [[Serratula]], [[Shafera]], [[Sheareria]], [[Shinnersia]], [[Shinnersoseris]], [[Siebera]], [[Sigesbeckia]], [[Siloxerus]], [[Silphium]], [[Silybum]], [[Simsia]], [[Sinacalia]], [[Sinclairia]], [[Sinoleontopodium]], [[Sinosenecio]], [[Sipolisia]], [[Smallanthus]], [[Soaresia]], [[Solanecio]], [[Solenogyne]], [[Solidago]], [[Soliva]], [[Sommerfeltia]], [[Sonchus]], [[Sondottia]], [[Soroseris]], [[Spaniopappus]], [[Sphaeranthus]], [[Sphaereupatorium]], [[Sphaeroclinium]], [[Sphaeromeria]], [[Sphaeromorphaea]], [[Sphagneticola]], [[Spilanthes]], [[Spiracantha]], [[Spiroseris]], [[Squamopappus]], [[Stachycephalum]], [[Staehelina]], [[Standleyanthus]], [[Stanfieldia]], [[Staurochlamys]], [[Stebbinsoseris]], [[Steiractinia]], [[Steirodiscus]], [[Stenachaenium]], [[Stenocarpha]], [[Stenocline]], [[Stenopadus]], [[Stenophalium]], [[Stenops]], [[Stenotus]], [[Stephanochilus]], [[Stephanodoria]], [[Stephanomeria]], [[Steptorhamphus]], [[Stevia]], [[Steviopsis]], [[Steyermarkina]], [[Stifftia]], [[Stilpnogyne]], [[Stilpnolepis]], [[Stilpnopappus]], [[Stoebe]], [[Stokesia]], [[Stomatanthes]], [[Stomatochaeta]], [[Stramentopappus]], [[Streptoglossa]], [[Strotheria]], [[Struchium]], [[Stuartina]], [[Stuckertiella]], [[Stuessya]], [[Stylocline]], [[Stylotrichium]], [[Sventenia]], [[Symphyllocarpus]], [[Symphyopappus]], [[Syncalathium]], [[Syncarpha]], [[Syncephalum]], [[Syncretocarpus]], [[Synedrella]], [[Synedrellopsis]], [[Syneilesis]], [[Synotis]], [[Syntrichopappus]], [[Synurus]], [[Syreitschikovia]], [[Tagetes]], [[Tamananthus]], [[Tamania]], [[Tamaulipa]], [[Tanacetum]], [[Taplinia]], [[Taraxacum]], [[Tarchonanthus]], [[Teixeiranthus]], [[Telanthophora]], [[Telekia]], [[Telmatophila]], [[Tenrhynea]], [[Tephroseris]], [[Terana]], [[Tessaria]], [[Tetrachyron]], [[Tetradymia]], [[Tetragonotheca]], [[Tetramolopium]], [[Tetraneuris]], [[Tetranthus]], [[Tetraperone]], [[Thaminophyllum]], [[Thamnoseris]], [[Thelesperma]], [[Thespidium]], [[Thespis]], [[Thevenotia]], [[Thiseltonia]], [[Thymophylla]], [[Thymopsis]], [[Tiarocarpus]], [[Tietkensia]], [[Tithonia]], [[Tolpis]], [[Tonestus]], [[Tourneuxia]], [[Townsendia]], [[Toxanthes]], [[Tracyina]], [[Tragopogon]], [[Traversia]], [[Trichanthemis]], [[Trichanthodium]], [[Trichapium]], [[Trichocline]], [[Trichocoronis]], [[Trichocoryne]], [[Trichogonia]], [[Trichogoniopsis]], [[Trichogyne]], [[Tricholepis]], [[Trichoptilium]], [[Trichospira]], [[Tridactylina]], [[Tridax]], [[Trigonospermum]], [[Trilisa]], [[Trioncinia]], [[Tripleurospermum]], [[Triplocephalum]], [[Triptilion]], [[Triptilodiscus]], [[Trixis]], [[Troglophyton]], [[Tuberostylis]], [[Tugarinovia]], [[Turaniphytum]], [[Tussilago]], [[Tuxtla]], [[Tyleropappus]], [[Tyrimnus]], [[Uechtritzia]], [[Ugamia]], [[Uleophytum]], [[Unxia]], [[Urbananthus]], [[Urbinella]], [[Urmenetea]], [[Urolepis]], [[Uropappus]], [[Urospermum]], [[Ursinia]], [[Vanclevea]], [[Vanillosmopsis]], [[Varilla]], [[Varthemia]], [[Vellereophyton]], [[Venegasia]], [[Verbesina]], [[Vernonia]], [[Vernoniopsis]], [[Vieraea]], [[Viereckia]], [[Vigethia]], [[Viguiera]], [[Villanova]], [[Vilobia]], [[Vittadinia]], [[Vittetia]], [[Volutaria]], [[Wagenitzia]], [[Waitzia]], [[Wamalchitamia]], [[Warionia]], [[Wedelia]], [[Welwitschiella]], [[Werneria]], [[Westoniella]], [[Whitneya]], [[Wilkesia]], [[Wollastonia]], [[Wulffia]], [[Wunderlichia]], [[Wyethia]], [[Xanthisma]], [[Xanthium]], [[Xanthocephalum]], [[Xanthopappus]], [[Xeranthemum]], [[Xerolekia]], [[Xylanthemum]], [[Xylothamia]], [[Yermo]], [[Youngia]], [[Zaluzania]], [[Zandera]], [[Zexmenia]], [[Zinnia]], [[Zoegea]], [[Zyzyxia]]'' | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
{{commonscat|Asteraceae}} | |||
[[Categorie:Plant]] | [[Categorie:Plant]] | ||
[[Categorie:Composietenfamilie]] | [[Categorie:Composietenfamilie]] |
Versie van 23 jul 2009 13:33
Composietenfamilie | |||||||||||||||
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Paardenbloem Paardenbloem | |||||||||||||||
Taxonomische indeling | |||||||||||||||
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familie | |||||||||||||||
Asteraceae Martinov (1820) | |||||||||||||||
Onderfamilies | |||||||||||||||
De composietenfamilie (Compositae of Asteraceae: beide botanische namen zijn toegestaan), ook samengesteldbloemigen genoemd, is samen met de orchideeënfamilie de omvangrijkste plantenfamilie. Zij telt over de hele wereld gezien naar schatting wel 20.000 tot 25.000 soorten. In de tropen telt de familie ook bomen en lianen.
Het belangrijkste kenmerk van deze familie vormen de sterk gereduceerde bloempjes. Deze staan bijeen in zogenaamde bloemhoofdjes, die vaak voor bloemen worden aangezien. De groene blaadjes die tegen deze bloemhoofdjes aanliggen zijn dan ook geen kelkbladen maar omwindselblaadjes.
Er worden drie typen bloempjes onderscheiden
- De lintbloem
- De buisbloem
- De straalbloem
Bloemtypen
De lintbloem
De lintbloem is een gereduceerde bloem waar bij de bloemkroon is vergroeid tot een enkel bloemblad, waarvan de oorspronkelijke vijf bladen nog te herkennen zijn aan de tandjes aan het uiteinde ervan.
Dit bloemblad vormt als het ware het lint waarnaar dit bloemtype is genoemd. De bloem is tweeslachtig. De helmhokjes zijn vergroeid tot een soort koker rond de stijl. Op de plek waar de bloemkroon is ingeplant bevindt zich vaak een rij haren of schubben. Deze wordt de pappus genoemd en is in feite de gereduceerde kelk. Wanneer het zaad rijp is, groeit deze pappus vaak uit tot het vruchtpluis.
Het vruchtbeginsel is ingeplant op de bloemhoofdjesbodem. Tussen de verschillende bloempjes kunnen zich ook nog vliesjes bevinden. Deze worden stroschubben genoemd. Voorbeelden van een composiet met enkel lintbloemen zijn de paardenbloem en de geslachten die voor een oppervlakkige toeschouwer er veel op lijken zoals Leeuwentand en Biggekruid. De stroschubben zijn een kenmerk voor het laatst genoemde geslacht.
De buisbloem
Een groot aantal composieten heeft een bloemhoofdje met een geel hart en witte krans, zoals de Gewone margriet en het madeliefje. Het gele hart van een dergelijk bloemhoofdje bestaat uit buisbloemen, waarvan de kroon vergroeid is tot een buis. De buisbloemen zijn veelzijdig symmetrisch. Er bestaan echter ook composieten waarvan het bloemhoofdje alleen bestaat uit buisbloemen, van de in Nederland inheemse flora is dat ongeveer eenderde.
De straalbloem
Bij composieten met bloemhoofdje met een geel hart en een witte krans, bestaat die witte krans uit zogenaamde straalbloemen. Deze straalbloemen lijken veel op lintbloemen, maar er is wel een aantal verschillen. De bovenste rand van de gereduceerde bloemkroon bestaat uit drie in plaats van vijf tanden en de bloem is vaak alleen vrouwelijk of soms zelfs geslachtsloos. De straalbloemen kunnen ook andere kleuren hebben dan wit. Bij klein hoefblad zijn ze geel en bij Centaurea kunnen ze rood zijn.
Vrucht
De vrucht is een nootje. Dikwijls zit aan het nootje vruchtpluis (pappus) (Paardenbloem), waardoor het door de wind makkelijk verspreid kan worden. Bij deze vruchten is de kelk vervangen door een haarkrans. Er zijn soorten waarbij het steeltje van de haarkrans zich verlengt tijdens het rijp worden van de vrucht. Maar ook komen soorten voor waarbij het vruchtpluis direct op de vrucht is ingeplant (Klein streepzaad). In de volksmond worden de vruchtjes vaak gewoon zaad genoemd.
Externe links
- Sjabloon:EFloras
- Sjabloon:EFloras
- Sjabloon:EFloras
- Sjabloon:APWeb
- Sjabloon:MBG images M
- Sjabloon:Florabase
- Sjabloon:NCBI
Taxa binnen de composietenfamilie
In Nederland komen de volgende geslachten voor:
- Achillea (geslacht Duizendblad)
- Inula (geslacht Alant)
- Ambrosia (geslacht Ambrosia)
- Anaphalis
- Antennaria
- Anthemis (geslacht Schubkamille)
- Arctium (geslacht Klit)
- Arnica
- Arnoseris
- Artemisia (geslacht Alsem)
- Aster (geslacht Aster)
- Baccharis
- Bellis
- Bidens (geslacht Tandzaad)
- Calendula (geslacht Goudsbloem)
- Carduus (geslacht Distel)
- Carlina
- Carthamus
- Centaurea (geslacht Centaurie)
- Chondrilla
- Cichorium (geslacht Cichorei)
- Cirsium (geslacht Vederdistel)
- Conyza (geslacht Asterfijnstraal)
- Cosmos
- Cotula
- Crepis (geslacht Streepzaad)
- Erigeron (geslacht Fijnstraal)
- Eupatorium
- Dittrichia (geslacht Klieralant)
- Doronicum (geslacht Voorjaarszonnebloem)
- Echinops (geslacht Kogeldistel)
- Filago (geslacht Viltkruid)
- Galinsoga (geslacht Knopkruid)
- Glebionis (geslacht Ganzenbloem)
- Gnaphalium (geslacht Droogbloem)
- Guizotia
- Helianthus (geslacht Zonnebloem)
- Helichrysum
- Hieracium (geslacht Havikskruid)
- Hypochaeris (geslacht Biggenkruid)
- Inula (geslacht Alant)
- Iva
- Jacobaea (geslacht Jacobskruiskruid)
- Lactuca (geslacht Sla)
- Lapsana
- Leontodon (geslacht Leeuwentand)
- Leucanthemum (geslacht Margriet)
- Matricaria (geslacht Kamille)
- Mycelis
- Onopordum
- Petasites (geslacht Hoefblad)
- Picris (geslacht Bitterkruid)
- Pulicaria (geslacht Vlooienkruid)
- Rudbeckia (geslacht Rudbeckia)
- Scorzonera (geslacht Schorseneer)
- Senecio (geslacht Kruiskruid)
- Silybum
- Serratula
- Solidago (Guldenroede)
- Sonchus (geslacht Melkdistel)
- Tagetes (geslacht Afrikaantje)
- Tanacetum (geslacht Wormkruid)
- Taraxacum
- Tephroseris
- Tragopogon (geslacht Morgenster),
- Tripleurospermum (geslacht Klierkamille)
- Tussilago
- Xanthium (geslacht Stekelnoot).
Niet in Nederland in het wild voorkomende voorkomende geslachten die op Wikisage behandeld worden: Acamptopappus, Anaphalis, Antennaria, Arctotis (geslacht Berenoor), Bahia.
De volgende in Nederland voorkomende soorten worden behandeld op de Wikisage:
- Gewoon duizendblad (Achillea millefolium)
- Wilde bertram (Achillea ptarmica)
- Alsemambrosia (Ambrosia artemisiifolia)
- Valse kamille (Anthemis arvensis)
- Stinkende kamille (Anthemis cotula)
- Gele kamille (Anthemis tinctoria)
- Grote klit (Arctium lappa)
- Gewone klit (Arctium minus)
- Donzige klit (Arctium tomentosum)
- Valkruid (Arnica montana)
- Korensla (Arnoseris minima)
- Citroenkruid (Artemisia abrotanum)
- Absintalsem (Artemisia absinthium)
- Wilde averuit (Artemisia campestris subsp. campestris)
- Zeealsem (Artemisia maritima)
- Bijvoet (Artemisia vulgaris)
- Zulte (Aster tripolium)
- Madeliefje (Bellis perennis)
- Langstekelige distel (Carduus acanthoides)
- Kruldistel (Carduus crispus)
- Knikkende distel (Carduus nutans)
- Tengere distel (Carduus tenuiflorus)
- Driedistel (Carlina vulgaris)
- Kalketrip (Centaurea calcitrapa)
- Korenbloem (Centaurea cyanus)
- Bergcentaurie (Centaurea montana)
- Zwart knoopkruid (Centaurea nigra)
- Grote centaurie (Centaurea scabiosa)
- Knikbloem (Chondrilla juncea)
- Andijvie (Cichorium endivia)
- Wilde cichorei (Cichorium intybus)
- Aarddistel (Cirsium acaule)
- Akkerdistel (Cirsium arvense)
- Spaanse ruiter (Cirsium dissectum)
- Wollige distel (Cirsium eriophorum)
- Speerdistel (Cirsium lanceolatum)
- Moesdistel (Cirsium oleraceum)
- Canadese fijnstraal (Conyza canadensis)
- Klein streepzaad (Crepis capillaris)
- Moerasstreepzaad (Crepis paludosa)
- Paardenbloemstreepzaad (Crepis vesicaria subsp. taraxacifolia)
- Koninginnenkruid (Eupatorium cannabinum)
- Muurfijnstraal (Erigeron karvinskianus)
- Scherpe fijnstraal (Erigeron acer)
- Zomerfijnstraal (Erigeron annuus)
- Akkerviltkruid (Filago arvensis)
- Dwergviltkruid (Filago minima)
- Gele ganzenbloem (Glebionis segetum)
- Bosdroogbloem (Gnaphalium sylvaticum)
- Moerasdroogbloem (Gnaphalium uliginosum)
- Kaal knopkruid (Galinsoga parviflora)
- Harig knopkruid (Galinsoga quadriradiata)
- Zonnebloem (Helianthus annuus)
- Aardpeer (Helianthus tuberosus)
- Stengelomvattend havikskruid (Hieracium amplexicaule)
- Oranje havikskruid (Hieracium aurantiacum)
- Muurhavikskruid (Hieracium murorum)
- Vals muizenoor (Hieracium peleterianum)
- Muizenoor (Hieracium pilosella)
- Gewoon biggenkruid (Hypochaeris radicata)
- Engelse alant (Inula britannica)
- Wilgalant (Inula salicina)
- Jacobskruiskruid (Jacobaea vulgaris subsp. vulgaris)
- Botersla (Lactuca sativa var. capitata)
- IJssla (Lactuca sativa var. capitata)
- Kompassla (Lactuca serriola)
- Gifsla (Lactuca virosa)
- Akkerkool (Lapsana communis)
- Ruige leeuwentand (Leontodon hispidus)
- Vertakte leeuwentand (Leontodon autumnalis)
- Gewone margriet (Leucanthemum vulgare)
- Schijfkamille (Matricaria discoïdea)
- Echte kamille (Matricaria recutita)
- Muursla (Mycellis muralis)
- Wegdistel (Onopordum acanthium)
- Wit hoefblad (Petasites albus)
- Groot hoefblad (Petasites hybridus)
- Japans hoefblad (Petasites japonicus)
- Echt bitterkruid (Picris hieracioides)
- Heelblaadjes (Pulicaria dysenterica)
- Grote Schorseneer (Scorzonera hispanica)
- Kleine schorseneer (Scorzonera humilis)
- Klein kruiskruid (Senecio vulgaris)
- Zaagblad (Serratula tinctoria)
- Mariadistel (Silybum marianum)
- Late guldenroede (Solidago gigantea)
- Echte guldenroede (Solidago virgaurea)
- Akkermelkdistel (Sonchus arvensis)
- Gewone melkdistel (Sonchus oleraceus)
- Boerenwormkruid (Tanacetum vulgare)
- Paardenbloem (Taraxacum officinale)
- Moerasandijvie (Tephroseris palustris)
- Bleke morgenster (Tragopogon dubius)
- Paarse morgenster (Tragopogon porrifolius)
- Gele morgenster (Tragopogon pratensis)
- Reukeloze kamille (Tripleurospermum maritimum)
- Klein hoefblad (Tussilago farfara)
Ook deze, niet in Nederland inheemse, planten hebben eigen pagina:
- Prachtrozenkransje (Anaphalis margaritacea)
- Rozenkransje (Antennaria dioica)
- Argyroxiphium virescens, hoogstwaarschijnlijk uitgestorven
- Nieuw-Nederlandse aster (Aster novi-belgii)
- Goudsbloem (Calendula officinalis)
- Saffloer (Carthamus tinctorius)
- Groenlof (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum)
- Witlof (Cichorium intybus var. foliosum)
- Koffiecichorei (Cichorium intybus var. sativum)
- Cosmea (Cosmos bipinnatus)
- Kardoen (Cynara cardunculus)
- Artisjok (Cynara scolymus)
- Gele zonnehoed (Echinacea paradoxa)
- Rode zonnehoed (Echinacea purpurea)
- Zonnewortel (Helianthus strumosus)
- Edelweiss (Leontopodium alpinum)
Een langere lijst van geslachten (er is uiteraard geen overeenstemming over de interne taxonomie van deze complexe familie of over het aantal genera):
Zie ook de categorie met mediabestanden in verband met Asteraceae op Wikimedia Commons.